Successful Market Economies in Latin America
As an overall market, Latin America is identified by four major regional markets:
Mexico, South America,
Central America and the Caribbean. It continues to be a major market opportunity for the U.S. with exports to the region valued at over
$300 billion per year. High market growth opportunities are emerging in many industrial sectors through out Latin America.
In the world market, Latin America has had stable, real GDP performance for the past recent years and its purchasing
power per capita has grown. Latin American and the Caribbean is expected to expand by 4.5% GDP in 2011 and to moderate to about 4.0% in 2012. Although the slowdown that has occurred in more advanced economies is expected to have only a moderate effect in most Latin American countries, large risks in the outlook may exist.
Over the past several years, Latin American governments have taken advantage of a very favorable global environment, and able to respond to domestic and international economic fluctuations. More recently, global slowdown fears are starting to weigh on the region's financial markets (equities, currencies, and commodities being impacted).
Key economic comparatives relative to major countries and markets around the globe are summarized in the following tables. (You can visit
Consensus
Economics and the
IMF web sites for additional information on the economic outlook for Latin America and other countries and regions.)
| |
’12 GDP (US $billion) |
’12 GDP/ Capita (US$) |
’12 Pop.(million) |
Real GDP (% Change) |
Inflation (% Change) |
|
‘11 |
‘12E |
‘13F |
‘11 |
‘12E |
‘13F |
Latin America |
5,646 |
8,575 |
589.0 |
4.5 |
3.2 |
3.9 |
6.6 |
6.0 |
5.8 |
United States |
14,991 |
48,328 |
315.1 |
1.8 |
2.2 |
2.1 |
3.1 |
2.0 |
1.8 |
Japan |
5,870 |
35,870 |
127.5 |
-0.8 |
2.2 |
1.2 |
-0.3 |
0.0 |
-0.2 |
China |
7,203 |
5,200 |
1,347.4 |
7.8 |
6.7 |
7.2 |
6.5 |
5.0 |
4.9 |
Germany |
3,604 |
44,111 |
81.9 |
3.1 |
-0.9 |
0.9 |
2.5 |
2.2 |
1.9 |
United Kingdom |
2,429 |
38,811 |
63.2 |
-0.5 |
0.3 |
0.6 |
5.3 |
5.6 |
4.4 |
European Union |
17,575 |
35,186 |
473.0 |
1.8 |
1.6 |
1.1 |
1.6 |
2.5 |
1.5 |
Eastern Europe |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
5.3 |
2.0 |
2.6 |
2.7 |
2.3 |
1.6 |
Asia Pacific |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
7.8 |
6.7 |
7.2 |
5.1 |
5.5 |
4.8 |
|
The United States and countries throughout Latin America have put in place
numerous trade agreements. (More
info on U.S. Free Trade Agreements)
Chile alone claims to have more bilateral or regional trade agreements than any other country. It has 57 such agreements (not all of them full free trade
agreements), including with the European Union,
Mercosur, China, India, South Korea, and
Mexico. Additionally, the country deepened its longstanding
commitment to trade liberalization with the signing of a free trade agreement with the U.S., which took effect on 1 January 2004.
|

Population |
589.0 million (2012) |
GDP Growth % |
3.2 (‘12 E)
3.9 (‘13 F)
|
GDP |
5,646 billion US$ |
GDP per Capita |
8,575 US$ |
Inflation Rate Change (%) |
6.0 (’12 E)
5.8 ('13 E) |
E = Estimate F = Forecast |
Key Trade Agreements for Latin America
| North American Free Trade Agreement(NAFTA) |
United States, Mexico, Canada |
| Mercosur Regional Trade Organization |
Member Countries: Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, Venezuela
Associate Members: Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru
Observing Members: Mexico |
| Central American Free Trade Agreement(DR CAFTA) |
Member Countries: Costa Rica, Dominican Republic,
El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, United States |
| Andean Community of Nations (CAN) |
Member Countries: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru
Associate Members: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay
Observing Members: Mexico, Panama, Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, Spain |
| ALADI Latin America Integration Association |
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, Mexico, Nicaraqua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela |
| ALBA Bolivarian Alliance for the People of our America |
Antiqua, Bolivia, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, Nicaraqua, San Vincent, Venezuela |
| G-3 Agreement |
Colombia, Mexico, Venezuela |
|